Tag: B2 – Upper intermediate

Career Rust-Out

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

Have you ever gone to work feeling bored and wondering if what you do really matters? That feeling may be career rust-out.

As a result, you may experience lower productivity, frustration, and reduced job satisfaction. 

To prevent or overcome career rust-out, individuals can develop new skills, seek greater responsibilities, set meaningful goals, or consider new career paths.

Watch the video about career rust-out.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. How does “rust-out” differ from “burn-out”? ”Gabriela Flax experienced rust-out working in tech doing repetitive tasks each day.” Use “rust-out” in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  2. What does “to suck the life out of someone” mean? ”The lack of inspiration is sucking the life out of you.” Use the expression in a sentence. Give a synonym. 
  3. What is a “stretch assignment”? ”You should go to your manager with a solution instead of asking them to solve the problem, like asking for that new stretch assignment, the option to attend a conference, maybe a workshop to learn a new skill.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Why do some employees lose motivation at work?
  2. What responsibilities do employers have in preventing career rust-out?
  3. Can having too little work be as stressful as having too much work? Why or why not?
  4. Do you think changing jobs is always the best solution to career rust-out? Why or why not?
  5. Would you rather have a challenging job or an easy but repetitive job? Explain your answer.
  6. Have you ever felt bored or demotivated in the middle of your professional life? What helped you regain your motivation?
  7. Have you ever taken a stretch assignment at work? Talk about it.

Benefits of Boosting Data Sharing in the EU

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

Boosting data sharing in the European Union can bring many benefits. 

It allows governments, businesses, and researchers to work together more effectively by sharing useful information. Better data sharing can improve healthcare, support scientific research, and help create smarter public services. It can also make businesses more innovative and competitive by giving them access to valuable data. At the same time, the EU aims to protect people’s privacy by using strong data protection rules. With secure and responsible data sharing, the EU can promote economic growth, improve public services, and encourage innovation.

Read this article about the benefits of boosting data sharing in the EU.

* You may also watch the videos embedded throughout the article for more information.

https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20220331STO26411/boosting-data-sharing-in-the-eu-what-are-the-benefits

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “aftermarket service” mean? ”Providers of aftermarket services will be able to compete on an equal footing with comparable services offered by manufacturers, which may reduce prices and boost innovation.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  2. What is “data pooling”? ”This will be achieved through a range of tools, from technical solutions such as anonymisation and data pooling to legally binding agreements by the reusers.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  3. What is “retro-engineering“? ”In order to prevent competitors from retro-engineering services or devices thanks to increased access to data, MEPs strengthened provisions to protect trade secrets.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. While boosting data sharing in the European Union has many benefits, it also has some disadvantages. What might be some of them?
  2. Do the benefits of data sharing outweigh the risks? Why or why not?
  3. Do you think that the EU privacy laws can really protect the citizens and their personal information? Share your views.
  4. What is your opinion on this, “With immense possibilities in areas from farming to health, big data can play a key role in the EU’s digital transformation. However, data sharing is essential to unlock this potential.”?
  5. Do you think small businesses and large companies benefit equally from data sharing? Explain.
  6. What improvements would you suggest to make data sharing safer and more effective in the EU?
  7. How do you think data sharing will affect people’s lives in the future?

Brain Fog and How to Fix it

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

Brain fog is a feeling of mental tiredness that makes it hard to think clearly. People with mental mist may have trouble concentrating, remembering things, or making decisions. It can be caused by stress, lack of sleep, illness, or poor nutrition. 

Although it is not a medical condition by itself, it can affect daily life and productivity. It is important to know what can help reduce brain fog.

Read this article about mental cloudiness and how to fix it.

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c87ydw7xdxvo

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “to lose one’s train of thought mean? ”When life gets busy and stress levels rise, it’s not uncommon to find yourself walking into a room and forgetting why you went there, losing your train of thought mid-sentence or struggling to stay focused on simple tasks.” Use the idiom in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  2. What does “overstretched” mean here: ”Often, it’s simply your brain’s way of saying it’s tired, stressed or overstretched.” Use the word in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  3. What is “decision fatigue“? ”Reduce decision fatigue by having a set rhythm to your days – a predictable structure can take pressure off your working memory.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. How can brain fog affect daily life?
  2. Share your thoughts on this tip, “Remind yourself that brain fog is usually temporary and it’s okay to slow down, delegate tasks or ask for help when you need it.”
  3. What are your thoughts about creating routines to reduce decision fatigue?
  4. Do you think using calendars and reminders helps free up your mental space?
  5. Have you ever experienced brain fog? What were you doing when it happened? How did you deal with it?
  6. What habits help you improve focus and mental clarity?
  7. Do you think technology and excessive screen time can cause brain fog? Why or why not?

China’s New Challenge: Natural Disasters and Fake AI Videos

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

China is dealing with both the effects of Typhoon Noul and a wave of AI-generated misinformation. Fake videos and images showing false disasters and emergency situations have spread online, causing panic. 

While some people create this content for attention or profit, experts warn that AI makes it easier than ever to produce convincing fake media, highlighting the need for better verification and detection methods.

Read this article about how as natural disasters strike, China needs to face another challenge involving dangerously misleading videos created with Artificial Intelligence (AI).

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx27mjvxgg1o

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “fabricated content” mean? ”By simply prompting AI tools, they can rapidly generate convincing text, images, audio and video which is highly realistic but entirely fabricated content, manufactured on a large scale.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  2. What does “traffic” mean here: “The motivation for the publishing of such false content ranges from those who do it to create something amusing without thinking about the consequences, to those who want to generate traffic for personal gain or those who wish to deliberately cause panic or social unrest.” Use the word in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  3. What does “cat-and-mouse game“ mean? “We’re in a constant cat-and-mouse game. So we should not assume that technology alone can identify AI-generated content with the click of a button.” Use the idiom in a sentence. Give a synonym. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. How can AI-generated fake content affect people during emergencies like typhoons or floods?
  2. Why do you think some people create and share false information online?
  3. What is your opinion about making all AI-generated contents clearly stamped/labeled? 
  4. What steps should individuals take before sharing news about disasters on social media?
  5. What responsibilities do social media platforms and governments have in preventing the spread of fake content? 
  6. Have you ever encountered fake news or AI-generated content online? How did you know it was false?

The Country Where It’s Illegal To Be Fat

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Korean culture is defined by its vibrancy and beauty, influencing many parts of the globe in the modern world. However, despite its positive aspects, it also has many flaws. The societal emphasis on thinness and beauty has influenced many aspects of Korean society, from children’s playgrounds and fashion to the way people think.

To learn more, watch the video below.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “gamify” mean? “They really just said, “Let’s gamify emotional damage.” So, whatever I get seconds here is going to dictate how I feel about myself today and probably how I eat.” Use this word in a sentence. Give a similar expression.
  2. What does “Nailed it” mean? “I kind of feel bad. I want to fit through that tree. Nailed it. Just a chubby boy in Korea enjoying a muffin.”  Use this phrase in a sentence. Give a similar expression.
  3. What does “subcutaneous fat” mean? “Yeah, it’s tough because nowadays Korean women like they are also conscious of like their breast size, but because like naturally Korean women just don’t have a lot of like subcutaneous fat.”  Use this term in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are some possible positive and negative effects of placing a high value on physical appearance?
  2. Why do you think beauty standards have such a strong influence on our society?
  3. Are strict beauty standards unique to Korea, or do they exist in other cultures as well? Give examples.
  4. How might societal pressure to be thin or attractive affect children’s self-esteem and mental health?
  5. How can individuals and society promote healthier and more inclusive standards of beauty?

The Unfortunate Truth About GMOs

B2 – Upper Intermediate

All across the internet and on traditional outlets, Genetically Modified Organisms or GMOs have been lambasted as dangerous, unnatural, and unhealthy. And in America, GMOs have to be labelled as such, painting these items in a further negative light. But is the negative reputation of GMOs actually true, or have they been unfairly treated?

Watch this video about

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “fear-mongering” mean? “Nah, all of that is nonsense. The real problem is that they need to fire their PR team. Because they’re a victim of a widely successful fear-mongering campaign.” Use this expression in a sentence. Give a similar expression.
  2. What does “school of thought” mean? “Whenever I discuss GMOs online, there are two schools of thought that I frequently have to debunk.”  Use this phrase in a sentence. Give a similar expression.
  3. What does “best bet” mean? “If consuming fewer pesticides is your goal, then maybe reaching for the GMO might be your best bet.”  Use this idiom in a sentence. Give a similar expression.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Who should be responsible for regulating GMO products—scientists, governments, companies, or consumers? Explain.
  2. What are the possible benefits or concerns associated with GMO foods?
  3. How might GMOs affect farmers, especially small-scale farmers?
  4. Could GMOs help address food shortages and world hunger? Why or why not?
  5. Should GMO foods be required to have special labels? Why?

Taking a 5-Minute Walk Every Hour May Help Offset the Effects of Sitting

B2 – Upper Intermediate

A recent study suggests that taking a 5-minute walk every hour may help reduce the harmful effects of sitting for long periods. Participants who took regular walking breaks reported feeling less tired, having a better mood, and experiencing improved blood circulation.

Read the article to know how short walks can help people stay active. They also recommend getting at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise each week for overall health.

https://www.health.com/five-minute-walk-every-hour-offsets-effects-of-sitting-12005804

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “cardiometabolic” mean? “They tested five-minute walks because previous studies have found that this time frame yields better cardiometabolic, mood, and fatigue outcomes than shorter intervals, while still being a realistic goal.” Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “reset button” mean here: “
    Walking breaks serve as physiological reset buttons—they reactivate the muscles in your legs, improve circulation, and give your brain a much-needed break.”     Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does “hidden cost” mean? “There is a hidden cost to our sedentary lifestyles.” Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are the benefits of taking a 5-minute walk every hour?
  2. Why can sitting for long periods be harmful to our health?
  3. Do you usually take breaks while working or studying? Why or why not?
  4. What are some easy ways to stay active during a busy day?
  5. Do you think you could make this habit part of your daily routine? Why or why not?

Hydration Breaks at the World Cup 

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

A hydration break is a short pause during a World Cup match when play is temporarily stopped. During this time, players drink water and rest. This helps them maintain body temperature and prevent fatigue, especially in hot conditions.

However, many people have expressed dissatisfaction with the said water breaks.

Read the article about the controversial hydration breaks at the World Cup.

https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2606/260622-hydration-breaks-world-cup.html

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What is a “hydration break”? ”Football fans worldwide are not happy about the introduction of hydration breaks at the World Cup.” Use the idiom in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  2. What does “jeering” mean? “Spectators in the stadiums have been expressing their dissatisfaction with the breaks in play by booing and jeering.” Use the word in a sentence. Give a synonym. 
  3. What does “consternation” mean? ”They are not the only ones to express their consternation.” Use the word in a sentence. Give a synonym. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are the good and bad things about hydration breaks during a sports event such as football?
  2. Personally, what is your opinion about the hydration breaks at the World Cup?
  3. Do you agree or disagree, “The breaks disrupting the free-flowing nature and momentum of games.”?
  4. Share your opinion, “The breaks are mainly for commercial reasons.”
  5. What is your opinion on this, “Given the financial benefits, it is highly likely that the breaks will remain a long-term feature.”?

AI Uses Our Drinking Water

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

Over one billion messages are sent to AI chatbots every day, and every interaction requires water to support the data centers that power these systems.

As AI use continues to grow, experts are raising concerns about its increasing demand for freshwater resources.

Watch the video to learn why AI uses water and why its water consumption is expected to increase in the future.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “to chuck in” mean? “ChatGPT is just one AI bot. Chuck in Gemini, DeepSeek, Claude, and others.” Use the phrase in a sentence. Give a synonym. 
  2. What does “striking though it is” mean? ”Striking though it is, some experts are more than a little skeptical of Sam Altman’s estimate on water usage.” Use the idiom in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  3. What do the terms “oriented task” and “backup-oriented task” mean in AI? ”Can we launch satellites that can at least do some more backup-oriented or other oriented tasks? ” Use the terms in sentences. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are the potential environmental consequences of AI’s water consumption?
  2. Should tech companies be required to disclose how much water their AI systems use? Why or why not?
  3. What solutions could help reduce the water usage of AI technologies?
  4. How can governments balance technological innovation with environmental sustainability?
  5. Do you think the benefits of AI outweigh its environmental costs? Explain your reasoning. 

US Supreme Court Rejects End to Birthright Citizenship

B2 — Upper Intermediate 

Birthright citizenship in the United States means that most people born on U.S. soil automatically become U.S. citizens, regardless of their parents’ citizenship. It is based on the Fourteenth Amendment and has been a key part of American law, though it remains the subject of ongoing legal and political debate.

President Donald Trump has sought to end or limit birthright citizenship through executive action, arguing that the Constitution should not automatically grant citizenship to every child born in the United States. His efforts have faced legal challenges, with opponents arguing that the Fourteenth Amendment protects birthright citizenship and that changing it would require a constitutional amendment or a different interpretation by the courts.

The U.S. Supreme Court rejected former President Donald Trump’s attempt to end birthright citizenship, ruling that his executive order violated the Fourteenth Amendment. The decision reaffirmed that nearly all children born on U.S. soil are automatically U.S. citizens, preserving a constitutional principle that has been in place for more than 150 years.

Watch the video about US Supreme Court rejects one of Trump’s signature anti-immigration policies which is to end to birthright citizenship.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “birthright citizenship” mean? “It was on his very first day when Donald Trump returned to the White House that he signed an executive order trying to end birthright citizenship.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym. 
  2. What does “enshrine” mean? ”This is a right enshrined in the Constitution, it’s difficult to see how he can overturn the US Supreme Court’s ruling.” Use the word in a sentence. Give a synonym.
  3. What does “ruling” mean? ”After the ruling today, it can never be enforced.” Use the term in a sentence. Give a synonym.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are the main arguments for and against birthright citizenship?
  2. What is your opinion about Trump trying to abolish birthright citizenship and the U.S. Supreme Court deciding to uphold it? 
  3. Should birthright citizenship apply to all children born in a country? Why or why not? What are the rules in your country regarding this?
  4. Do you think birthright citizenship reflects a country’s values? Explain how so.
  5.   How could changing birthright citizenship affect immigrants and their families?