Tag: B2 – Upper intermediate

How Banks Magically Create Money

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Everyone was curious about the origins of money and how it flows through our economy. Did you know that a government facility in Washington, DC, converts paper into cash every hour of the day in order to meet demand? But there’s a catch: most of the money exists digitally.

See the video below to learn more about how banks magically create money.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. Explain “type into existence“. “Before it ever reached your bank account, it changed hands countless times, passing through people, governments and businesses all after being simply type into existence.”  Create a sentence using this term.
  2. What does “hard to come by” mean? “To make transactions easier, people started to pay using more commonly used items like cattle, grain and salt. Everyone needed these things, but they were hard to come by and that’s what made them valuable.” Use this idiom to make your own sentence.
  3. What is the meaning of “intrinsic value“? “The paper itself has no intrinsic value but it became as good as gold.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘intrinsic value’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. How does money work and evolve?
  2. When did the entire idea of money started to change?
  3. What’s the bank role in money processing?
  4. What does “new money” mean?
  5. How do banks actually generate revenue?
  6. What are “bonds,” and what role do they play in the banking system?

Walking Backwards Good for Your Health and Brain

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Walking is by far the most accessible and simplest form of exercise. People who don’t like indoor workouts prefer to just take a walk as their form of exercise. But what if you can spice this up by walking backwards? Walking backward, also known as retro walking, is the latest social media workout obsession. There are a lot of claims as to the benefits of this unusual form of workout.

Let’s read the article to find out the benefits of retro-walking.

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20231110-why-walking-backwards-can-be-good-for-your-health-and-brain

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the phrase “grain of truth” mean? “So it seems there is more than a grain of truth in Harmon’s claim to superior ankle strength, even if it was likely he took a few train journeys along the way.“ Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does the word “cohort” mean? “And in another study led by Dufek, a cohort of five athletes self-reported a reduction in lower back pain after periods of backwards walking.” Use it in a sentence and give two synonyms.
  3. What is the meaning of “incongruous“? “It found that participants stepping backwards had the fastest reaction times, perhaps because their brains were already used to performing an incongruous task.”Use it in a sentence and give two synonyms.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are your thoughts on the benefits of retro-walking?
  2. Would you feel comfortable walking backward in public? Why or why not?
  3. Do you like going for walks? Do you prefer walking alone or with others? Speak about this.
  4. Are there any new and unusual forms of exercise you’ve recently tried? Talk about it.
  5. What is most challenging type of workout for you? Why?

Spain Introduces Three-Year Tourist Ban

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Tourism ban is a topic that has gained traction in recent years, particularly due to the rapid changes in environmental conditions, cultural impacts, and the effects of global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. While tourism is essential for many economies around the world, there are strong arguments for placing restrictions or even banning certain forms of tourism to protect local communities and the environment. 

By recognizing the importance of preserving local integrity and ecosystems, societies can work toward creating a more sustainable tourist landscape that benefits everyone involved. The challenge lies in finding the balance between enjoying travel and protecting the places that make it special. 

Watch the video to see how Spain is dealing with tourist overcrowding.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “to sit out” mean here, “Don’t think Barcelona is sitting this one out.”? Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does  “to come with a price” mean? “Well, it turns out that those Instagram photos with endless sunshine and vibrant street scenes come with a price.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does the word “grumble ” mean? “Spaniards are starting to grumble about their once Charming neighborhoods being taken over by tourists and who can really blame them.” Use it in a sentence and give 2 synonyms.

Discussion Questions:

  1. How does overtourism affect a city/country? Talk about the benefits and drawbacks.
  2. What could be the social and economic consequences of a ban on tourism in popular destinations?
  3. What are your thoughts on “Local only.” areas?
  4. How might a tourism ban affect local culture and heritage in places that heavily depend on tourism?
  5. What alternatives to tourism might local communities explore if tourism were banned or significantly restricted?
  6. Is overtourism really a problem for a city/country? Why or why not?

Spanish Locals Fed Up with Overtourism Block Zebra Crossings 

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Overtourism is a term used to describe the negative impact of increased tourist numbers on popular destinations. This phenomenon has gained attention in recent years as many cities and natural sites struggle to cope with the overwhelming influx of visitors. While tourism can foster economic growth and promote cultural exchange, the excessive crowds can lead to significant challenges for both the environment and local communities. 

The negative effects on natural environments, local communities, and urban infrastructure emphasize the need for sustainable practices in the travel industry. By making conscious efforts to manage visitor numbers and promote responsible tourism, we can preserve the beauty and integrity of our beloved destinations for future generations. 

Read the article and learn how a community reacted to this problem.

Spanish Fed Up with Overtourism Are Blocking Zebra Crossings

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the noun “grievance” mean? “Spain has seen many overtourism protests this year, but one small village has been making its grievances known in a very unusual way. “ Use it in a sentence and give 2 synonyms.
  2. What does “to take it upon oneself” mean? “In the Galician village of O Hío in northwest Spain, locals took it upon themselves to protest against the volume of tourists by blocking zebra crossings.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does  “traffic gridlock” mean? “Walking up and down them for a total of 37 minutes, they caused total traffic gridlock – worsening the exact problem they hoped to highlight.” Use it in a sentence and give 2 synonyms.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What is your reaction the locals’ protest?
  2. Does your city have the same problem? Talk about it.
  3. What are some popular destinations in your city you think are suffering from overtourism? And what measures have been taken in order to have everything under control.
  4. What do you think is the best solution to this problem?
  5. How do you think it is like living in an overly touristic place?
  6. Share your thoughts on this, “Authorities should find a mutually beneficial solution so that residents and visitors can co-exist happily.“

AI Grandma Fights Back Against Scammers


B2 – Upper Intermediate

Different forms of AI scams are on the rise and it isn’t easy to identify them. Many people fall victim to these scams but majority of their victims are old people. These older adults are the usual targets of AI-driven scams because of their trusting nature and their unfamiliarity with technology. However, there’s a particular old person who is willing to take these scam calls.

Let’s read the article and know more about Daisy. Also watch the video about it.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ai-grandma-daisy-uk-anti-fraud-scammers-virgin-media-o2

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “to turn the table on someone” mean? “The newest member of our fraud-prevention team, Daisy, is turning the tables on scammers – outsmarting and outmaneuvering them at their own cruel game simply by keeping them on the line.” Use it in a sentence.
  2. What is a “mugs list“? “The company told CBS they worked with known scam artists to train Daisy and used a tactic called number seeding to get Daisy’s phone number added to a list of online ‘mugs lists‘.” Use it in your own sentence.
  3. What does “out of the blue” mean? “In terms of tips and tricks, whether you’re shopping online, reviewing your emails, or receiving an out-of-the-blue phone call, it’s important to always remain vigilant.” Give 2 synonyms. Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are your thoughts on Virgin Media O2’s AI grandmother?
  2. What is scambaiting? Give other examples.
  3. What other forms of online scams have you heard of or personally experienced?
  4. Do you know anyone who has been scammed? What happened?
  5. Share your thoughts on this, “Fraud is at epidemic levels, with organized gangs of fraudsters operating professional call centers which relentlessly target Brits every second of every day.“.

Quiet Luxury: A Marketing Psychology Trick

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Quiet luxury, a growing trend in the fashion and lifestyle industries, emphasizes understated elegance over flashy branding. Rather than relying on visible logos or extravagant designs, it appeals to consumers who value exclusivity, craftsmanship, and subtle sophistication. This marketing strategy taps into psychology, creating a sense of prestige through minimalism and discretion. By targeting those who seek status without overt display, brands successfully position quiet luxury as a symbol of refined taste and timeless wealth.

Watch the video to learn more and be able to answer the following questions.


Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “over-the-top” mean? “Luxury fashion is often loud, with monograms, logos, and over-the-top designs, like Gucci belts and Louis Vuitton handbags that everyone can spot miles away.” Give 2 synonyms. Make a sentence using the expression.
  2. What does “stay under the radar” mean? “These subtle cues help us connect with the people who get it while staying under the radar for everyone else.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does the expression, “take something to a new level” mean? “Everything from the way we dress sends messages to others, but quiet luxury takes it to a new level.” Use it in a sentence.


Discussion Questions:

  1. How does quiet luxury differ from traditional luxury branding, and what psychological factors contribute to its appeal?
  2. In what ways does quiet luxury influence consumer behavior and perceptions of status?
  3. Do you believe quiet luxury is a genuine expression of sophistication, or is it just another marketing strategy to target wealthy consumers? Why?
  4. Is quiet luxury more sustainable compared to traditional luxury brands, or is it simply a rebranding of consumerism? Elaborate.
  5. Do you think the appeal of quiet luxury will continue to grow, or will it eventually be replaced by more conspicuous trends? Expand.

Trump Administration Providing PrEP Abroad, But Not for LGBTQ+ People

B2 – Upper Intermediate

A recent policy change by the Trump administration restricts the distribution of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an HIV prevention drug, by the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). The new policy limits PrEP availability to pregnant and breastfeeding women, excluding LGBTQ+ populations who are at high risk of HIV infection. This decision has led to increased risk and new HIV infections worldwide, as well as the shutdown of various HIV prevention programs.

Read the article to know more about this recent policy change.

https://www.them.us/story/trump-administration-hiv-prep-lgbtq-people

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “ostensibly” mean? “That [emergency humanitarian] waiver ostensibly meant that pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP — the antiretroviral drug that prevents the transmission of HIV — would be distributed through PEPFAR.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘ostensibly’ in your own sentence.
  2. What does “furlough” mean? “The administration is already brought by a group of USAID employees last week, which led a federal judge to issue an injunction against the furloughing of USAID workers on February 7.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What is a “emergency humanitarian waiver”? “Shortly after President Donald Trump and Secretary of State Marco Rubio ordered a 90-day freeze on foreign aid in January, Rubio issued an additional “emergency humanitarian waiver” on February 6 which appeared to allow HIV medications to be distributed abroad during that time.” Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. How do you feel about the decision to limit PrEP access to certain groups? Do you think it’s fair?
  2. What impact do you think this policy change could have on global HIV prevention efforts?
  3. Should governments be responsible for ensuring equal healthcare access for all, regardless of sexual orientation? Why or why not?
  4. How do you think affected communities can respond to policies that exclude them from essential healthcare services?
  5. What are your thoughts on this statement, “This decision appears to be less about public health and more about an ideological agenda that seeks to police morality rather than protect lives.”?

Japanese Encephalitis Back in Monto

B2 – Upper Intermediate

A mosquito surveillance program in North Burnett, Queensland, has confirmed the presence of the Japanese encephalitis virus in Monto. Vaccination sessions are scheduled to begin on February 19, 2025, at the Monto Family Practice.

Read the article to know how the Wide Bay Public Health Unit urges residents to take preventive measures against mosquito bites.

https://burnetttoday.com.au/south/2025/02/13/japanese-encephalitis-back-in-monto/

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the word “trace” mean in this sentence, The North Burnett region had already grappled with Japanese encephalitis back in 2022, when Wide Bay Health mosquito detection programs found traces of the virus near Mundubbera, Monto and Mulgildie.” Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “to grapple with something” mean? “The North Burnett region had already grappled with Japanese encephalitis back in 2022, when Wide Bay Health mosquito detection programs found traces of the virus near Mundubbera, Monto and Mulgildie.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does “rife” mean? “Queensland Chief Health Officer Dr Heidi Carroll said today’s announcement served as another wake-up call to people living in areas rife with mosquitos.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘rife’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Have you ever had to take extra precautions against mosquito-borne diseases, like using repellents or wearing protective clothing? Why was that?
  2. How do you feel about the government’s response to mosquito-borne viruses? Do you think more should be done? Elaborate.
  3. Would you consider getting vaccinated against Japanese encephalitis if it were available in your area? Why or why not?
  4. Have you ever experienced or heard of similar outbreaks in your city/country? How were they handled?

DeepSeek

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Companies in the tech sector are investing billions of dollars to stay ahead of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, a Chinese startup company that was established with relatively little funding appears to have stunned the market by being competent and even outperforming ChatGPT.

To learn more about Deep Seek, watch the video below.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “to spin out of a hedge fund” mean? “DeepSeek is a Chinese AI startup that was formed in 2023 and spun out of a hedge fund.” Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “sidestep” mean? “Just don’t ask it about Chinese politics. It’s reasoning is align with that of Beijing’s sensors, meaning, some questions are politely sidestepped.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘sidestep’ in your own sentence.
  3. What is the meaning of “over the edge“? “ DeepSeek can be used uncensored on it’s platform but what really sent investors over the edge is that DeepSeek was able to build this model and train it at just a fraction of the cost.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘over the edge’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Have you heard anything about DeepSeek? What is your initial reaction to the Chinese startup AI company?
  2. How do you think DeepSeek questions the narrative of US tech giants supremacy, who have claimed supremacy in the AI race?
  3. Why was DeepSeek better than other popular models, such as open AIS, and other benchmarks?
  4. What made it possible to create such a proficient app with just a fraction of funding compared to other competitors with billions or even predicted trillions of dollars in funding?
  5. What are your thoughts on this statement: “I think that the US has spent a long time underestimating China. China’s tech sector is actually very capable of innovating and creating these very powerful and very advanced products, and I think that Silicon Valley’s presumed lead that they have over China, I don’t think they should take that for granted.“

Resume Trends Will Help You Land An Interview

B2 – Upper Intermediate

If your resume aligns with current hiring trends, you’re more likely to land interviews. If not, recruiters may overlook it. Experts say three key areas can make your resume more competitive: transformation, artificial intelligence, and availability for on-site work.

Check out the article below for some resume trends to help you get that job interview in the bag.

https://www.fastcompany.com/91270889/3-resume-trends-that-will-help-you-land-an-interview

Vocabulary Questions

  1. What does “to weave something into” mean in the sentence, “Finally, weave transformation skills into your résumé’s narrative.”? Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “to hit the ground running” mean in the sentence, “Use your resume to show that you’re ready and willing to hit the ground running.”? Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does “to boil down to something” mean in the sentence, “Regardless of your level, you can prove you’re future-ready by talking about what you’ve done with AI. If you can, boil your achievement down to tangible, measurable impacts.“? Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What’s one way you could update your resume to reflect current hiring trends?
  2. How do you think AI experience can help job seekers stand out?
  3. Would you be open to working on-site more often if it increased job opportunities? Why or why not?
  4. The article suggests highlighting transformation efforts on your resume. Have you ever contributed to a big change at work?
  5. What’s one skill or experience you’d like to add to your resume this year?