Tag: First Certificate FCE

Global Growth Is Expected to Remain Stable Yet Underwhelming

B2 – Upper Intermediate

The IMF’s recent World Economic Outlook indicates that while global growth remains steady, it is underperforming compared to pre-pandemic levels. Key risks include geopolitical tensions, volatility in financial markets, and potential challenges in China’s property sector. These issues are prompting economists to push for structural reforms and a “policy pivot”.

Listen to the audio and/or read the transcript to know how this policy pivot can sustain economic recovery through targeted fiscal and monetary adjustments.

https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2024/10/22/world-economic-outlook-october-2024

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. Explain “sectoral dynamics”. “As global disinflation continues, services price inflation remains elevated in many regions, pointing to the importance of understanding sectoral dynamics and of calibrating monetary policy accordingly.” Use it in a sentence.
  2. Define “cyclical imbalance“. “With cyclical imbalances in the global economy waning, near-term policy priorities should be carefully calibrated to ensure a smooth landing.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does “bolster” mean? “These have been compensated for by upgrades to the forecast for emerging Asia, where surging demand for semiconductors and electronics, driven by significant investments in artificial intelligence, has bolstered growth, a trend supported by substantial public investment in China and India.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘bolster’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are some potential impacts on consumers if financial market volatility increases?
  2. Why do you think a policy pivot is important for maintaining economic stability right now?
  3. How might challenges in China’s property market influence other economies around the world?
  4. How do you think rising geopolitical tensions affect the global economy and international trade?
  5. Do you agree or disagree with this, “Support for the most vulnerable should be maintained.” Share your thoughts.

Scientists Closer to Reverse Aging

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Since time passes by so swiftly, we all age with it. However, there are others who are incredibly wealthy who do not want to age naturally, slow down, or take it easy. After all, wealth is the source of power, and funding eminent scientists to develop age-reversing technology is the finest use of that wealth that is possible. It is something we’ve all secretly wanted for a long time, whether we deny it or not.

Take a look at the video and learn more about how scientists are closer than ever to reverse aging.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. Explain “loss of viability and increase in vulnerability”. “Aging is as inevitable and progressive process of loss of viability and increase in vulnerability.”. Create a sentence using this phrase.
  2. What does “accumulation of changes” mean? “Aging is really an accumulation of changes.” Use this term to make your own sentence.
  3. What is the meaning of “long stretch“? “.,but to go from there to ask, you know, can we now start using this in humans?. It’s a long stretch.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘long stretch’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. How do you feel about cellular reprogramming being the main factor in life longevity?
  2. Do you wish to live longer and invest in programs that will help you achieve it? Explain your stance.
  3. What do you think would happen if we were able to live for thousands of years and our offspring were also able to benefit from the process of cellular reprogramming that keeps them safe from illness and disease?
  4. Why do most ultra-rich individuals invest in longevity? 

Superhero Films Encourage Prosocial Behavior

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Superhero movies are hugely popular and often mix action and violence with heroic deeds. While violent media is usually thought to make people more aggressive, a new study suggests that these films could actually inspire kindness. The research shows that when people see superheroes as good role models, they’re more likely to help others. Watching these films can make viewers feel closer to the heroes, which can lead to more generous actions.

This article explores how superhero movies can encourage helpful behavior, not just provide entertainment.

https://www.psypost.org/superhero-films-can-encourage-prosocial-behavior-new-study-finds/

Vocabulary Questions:

1. What does the phrase “associative empathy” mean in the sentence, “Viewers showed increased associative empathy — they identified more with Batman and his mission to save the hostage.”? Use it in a sentence.

2. What does the phrase “moral justification” mean in the sentence, “Participants were asked to evaluate whether the violent actions taken by Batman were justified using a series of moral justification statements”? Use it in a sentence.

3. What does the phrase “prosocial motive” mean in the sentence, “This scene was chosen for its combination of violent action and a clear prosocial motive—saving a life”? Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. How do you think superhero movies influence how we see right and wrong in real life?
  2. What should parents and teachers consider when letting kids watch violent superhero films?
  3. Should filmmakers think more about the messages in their movies when it comes to violence and heroism?
  4. How can watching superhero movies help us understand and feel empathy for others?
  5. Can you share a superhero movie you’ve seen and how it influenced your thoughts or feelings?

Hoax Bomb Threats Hurting Air Travel

B2 – Upper Intermediate

A spike in hoax bomb threats is causing widespread disruption in India’s air travel, with numerous flights being delayed, diverted, or canceled.

Passengers are left anxious and frustrated as these false alarms continue to target both domestic and international routes. Airlines are struggling to manage the operational and financial fallout.

Meanwhile, authorities are working to track down the individuals responsible, but the rising number of incidents poses significant challenges.

Learn more about the impact of these hoax bomb threats on air travel in India.

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2kz84kgj0o

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “rash of something” mean? “In 2018, a rash of jokes about bombs by airplane passengers in Indonesia led to flight disruptions.” Make a sentence with this phrase.
  2. What does “to wreak havoc“? “These hoaxes end up wreaking havoc in one of the world’s fastest-growing aviation markets.” Use this idiom in a sentence.
  3. What does “to throw off balance” mean? “Delays lead to cancellations, and schedules are thrown off balance.” Make a sentence with this expression.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Have you ever experienced a flight delay or diversion? How did it make you feel?
  2. Do you think hoax bomb threats are a serious issue? Why or why not?
  3. How do you think technology, like social media, impacts travel safety today?
  4. How do you feel about traveling by air in light of recent news about hoax bomb threats?
  5. What do you think airlines should do to ensure passengers feel safe during their flights?

Stress Isn’t All Bad

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Stress is often seen as something to avoid, but it can serve a useful purpose in certain situations. Rather than simply being harmful, stress can enhance focus and performance when faced with challenges like interviews or presentations. By understanding how stress can work to our advantage, we can begin to view it as a tool for success, rather than just a source of anxiety.

Listen to the audio and read the transcript to learn how to turn stress into a tool for better performance.

https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2024/10/18/nx-s1-5115911/stress-manage-anxiety-health-help

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “free pass” mean? “No one gets a free pass when it comes to stress.” Make a sentence with this phrase.
  2. What does “butterflies in the stomach” mean? “Ever felt clammy palms or butterflies in your stomach? In the moments before you walk into a job interview, ask someone out on a date, or step up to a podium to speak to a crowd, your stress response can kick in and create these physical sensations.” Use this phrase in a sentence.
  3. Explain the “fight-or-flight response”. “Humans have long faced threats from predators, and our fight-or-flight response evolved to help us survive these dangers.” Create a sentence with this term.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are your thoughts on the article? Do you agree or disagree with the points made? Why?
  2. Share your thoughts on this, “Your stress response can be your body’s way of preparing to rise to a challenge.“.
  3. How do you think stress affects your performance in challenging situations?
  4. Can you share a personal experience where stress helped you succeed?
  5. What strategies do you use to manage stress when faced with pressure?

Corporate Real Estate on Cliff Edge

B2 – Upper Intermediate 

As companies strive to do anything in their power to make hybrid setup work, it poses imminent consequences on the corporate real estate sector. Companies are now opting for more compact office spaces. As leases expire, this could leave many office buildings empty. 

To cope with this new trend in real estate, mixed-use development could possibly be one solution.

Read the article about the impact of corporate downsizing on the real estate industry.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/worklife/article/20240509-corporate-real-estate-on-cliff-edge-to-rethink-communal-spaces

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “retrofit” mean in business? “Not all vacant buildings can be updated to meet new market demands, nor retrofitted into residential units.” Use this term in a sentence.
  2. What does “gravitational pull” mean here, “As companies pay top dollar for quality, the gravitational pull to newer, higher-quality offices leaves behind a vacuum for lower-grade buildings.”? Use this phrase in a sentence.
  3. What does “to be on a cliff edge” mean, “Developers might be forced to the cliff edge to be creative, but they have around five years to prepare, mobilise and get ready for the future that’s coming.”? Use this idiom in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What problem is being talked about in the article and what are some possible solutions?
  2. What might be some things businesses consider in selecting where to base their headquarters if they want to attract their staff to the office?
  3. What do you like the least and the most about your office?
  4. What are the benefits and drawbacks of mixed-use neighborhoods?
  5. Do you believe you will see multifunctional areas in your city/country more soon? Why or why not?

US Approves Weight-loss Drug to Reduce Heart Disease Risk

B2 – Upper Intermediate 

Wegovy, a drug for weight loss, was approved by the US Food and Drug Agency (FDA) in 2021. They believe it could help lower the risk of death caused by stroke or heart attack in adults who suffer from cardiovascular disease or obesity.

Listen to the audio and read the transcript about the FDA approval of Wegovy in the US.

https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/us-approves-weight-loss-drug-to-reduce-heart-disease-risk/7532146.html

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “vanity drug” mean? “The hope is that insurers will start understanding that this is not a vanity drug.” Give a synonym and use this phrase in a sentence.
  2. What does “to cover a drug” mean? “Recent estimates say nearly $3 billion was spent in 2021 covering Ozempic to treat diabetes.” Use this phrase in a sentence.
  3. What does “to open the door” mean here, “She said the change “… will open the door to allow more people on Medicare to gain access to Wegovy.””? Use this word in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are your thoughts on the drug Wegovy? Knowing the side effects and possible effects on some organs of this drug, do you think it is worth taking it or using it for treatments of patients? Explain your opinion.
  2. Share your insights on this, “The new class of obesity medications are useful for improving health, not just losing weight.”
  3. Should obesity-related health issues receive expanded coverage and federal health coverage programs such as Medicare pay for the obesity drug? Share your opinion.
  4. What is your opinion on this, “The FDA’s decision will change the way many heart patients are treated.”? How so, do you think?
  5. Share your thoughts on heart specialist Gulati’s statement, “Everybody (is) waiting to get this medication,” she said. “Lower the cost, do (not) be greedy and make sure the drug is available for use.” 

Asia’s Only Latin Town

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Traveling to a country where one shares a common language can significantly enhance the overall experience. While English serves as a lingua franca in many regions, immersing oneself in a culture that speaks the same language offers unique advantages. This shared linguistic foundation can facilitate smoother interactions and foster relationships that might be challenging to establish in an unfamiliar language.

Visiting a country where one’s native language is spoken allows for enriched travel experiences through effective communication and cultural immersion. Such interactions are invaluable in cultivating empathy and global awareness.

Watch the video and explore a little culture of a city.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “creole language” mean? “It’s widely considered as the world’s oldest creole language and as a Spanish speaker myself, I’m completely fascinated by this stuff.” Create a sentence with this term.
  2. What does “to be drawn into” mean? “It’s been years since I wanted to visit Zamboanga. Not only because it has the coolest name or unique location in the southwestern point of the Philippines, but I’ve always been drawn into its culture.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘to be drawn into’ in your own sentence.
  3. What does “to make one’s way” mean? “In 1521, the Spanish made their way to this archipelago of 7,641 islands and stayed for 377 years.” Create a sentence with this idiom.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What is your reaction to the only ‘Latin town’ in Asia?
  2. Share your thoughts on creole languages?
  3. What would you do if you had to travel to a country where its people don’t know how to speak neither your language nor English?
  4. Have you ever visited a society where most people speak only one language? How was it?
  5. Talk about one unique place you have ever been to or culture you have ever experienced.

SpaceX Catches Starship Rocket Booster Intact

B2 – Upper Intermediate

The SpaceX booster landing represents a significant advancement in aerospace engineering and space travel efficiency. On October 14, 2024, SpaceX successfully executed the unprecedented capture of its Super Heavy-Starship rocket’s first stage using mechanical arms, known as “mechazilla”.

This innovative approach not only demonstrates the potential for fully reusable rockets but also aligns with Elon Musk’s vision of making life multiplanetary. The successful landing and capture mark a pivotal moment in reducing costs associated with space exploration and increasing launch frequency.

Watch the video and get a glimpse of the advancement of space traveling.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What is the “all eyes on someone/something”? “All eyes were on Boca Chica Texas as the Starship rocket blasted off at sunrise.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘all eyes on sb/sth’ in your own sentence.
  2. What does the noun “booster” mean here, “Getting its booster to land not in the ocean but instead guiding it back to the same Launchpad into a pair of giant mechanical arms.”? Use this term in a sentence.
  3. What does the phrasal verb “blow someone away” mean? “I mean, to see this even live was… It blew me away to watch it.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘blow someone away’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. In your own words, explain the “chopsticks maneuver”. What can you say about this space launch technology?
  2. Share your insights about this, “SpaceX has grown to dominate the space launch business. But for some, that dominance poses another risk — the politicization of space exploration.”
  3. Share your opinion on this, “Elon Musk routinely promotes his far-right views on his social media platform and financially-backs Trump.“
  4. How important is space exploration?
  5. What do you think would be the highlights of space travel in the future?

Touchscreens Out, Bring Back Buttons

B2 – Upper Intermediate

The popularity of touch screens in modern devices is beginning to change, as both manufacturers and users start to appreciate physical buttons again. Touch screens offer sleek designs and flexible features, but they can also be frustrating with accidental taps, no physical feedback, and difficulty using them without looking.

Because of this, there’s a rising interest in bringing back physical buttons, particularly in cars, smartphones, and other devices where accuracy and ease of use are important. This shift aims to combine the convenience of new technology with the comfort and reliability of buttons.

Watch the video to learn more about this hot “button” issue and be able to answer the questions below.

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the word “toggle” mean? “You have an array of toggles at the bottom as well as customizable buttons on the steering wheel.” Use this word in a sentence.
  2. What does “tactile feedback” mean? “With the push to bring back buttons, manufacturers aim to offer the best of both worlds—combining the tactile feedback of physical controls with the modern functionality of touchscreens.” Use this term in a sentence.
  3. What does “into high gear” mean? “With the demand for tactile feedback growing, the push to bring back buttons has shifted into high gear.” Give one (1) synonym or similar expression and use ‘into high gear’ in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. Do you think physical buttons offer a better user experience than touch screens? Why or why not?
  2. How important is tactile feedback to you when using devices like smartphones or car controls?
  3. Do you believe that the return of physical buttons is just a temporary trend, or is it here to stay? Explain.
  4. In what types of devices do you think physical buttons would be most beneficial, and why?
  5. How might a shift back to physical buttons impact the design and functionality of future technology?