Tag: Reading

Hope for Cystic Fibrosis Patients

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Recent clinical trials have shown promising results with gene-editing techniques demonstrating the ability to address the underlying genetic mutations responsible for CF. While further research is needed, these developments signal a potential paradigm shift in the treatment of this debilitating condition, offering the prospect of personalized therapies tailored to individual patients.

Read the article to know more about these breakthroughs in gene therapy and how they brought new hope to individuals living with cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system.

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20230626/New-hope-for-cystic-fibrosis-patients-as-groundbreaking-treatment-enters-clinical-trial.aspx

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. Explain what “molecular prosthetic” is. “”With this method, people with CF could directly deliver this molecular prosthetic to their lungs where they need it most, hopefully increasing its efficacy and safety” Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “spin-out” mean here, “Pioneered by scientists at Carle Illinois College of Medicine at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and the Carver College of Medicine at the University of Iowa in partnership with the spin-out biotechnology company, cystetic Medicines, this promising inhalable molecular prosthetic is intended to improve lung function in people with CF who cannot benefit from current therapies.”? Use it in a sentence.
  3. What does “at the root” mean? “We’re hopeful that for those who have held their breath for far too long, this could be a first opportunity to regain ion-channel-like function in the airway and thereby address CF at its roots.” Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What is gene therapy, and how does it offer hope for cystic fibrosis patients?
  2. What recent advancements have been made in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis?
  3. How might gene therapy change the way cystic fibrosis is treated in the future?
  4. What could this treatment mean for individuals living with cystic fibrosis and their families?

MIND Diet for Brain Health

B2 – Upper Intermediate

The study highlights the potential benefits of the Mediterranean diet in promoting both longevity and cognitive health.

According to research, they found that individuals adhering closely to the Mediterranean diet experienced lower rates of cognitive decline and a reduced risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.

Read the article to see the growing body of evidence supporting the role of dietary patterns in maintaining brain health as we age.

https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/18/health/mind-diet-study-results-wellness/index.html

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “rub” mean in this context, “But here’s the rub — the brains of the control group who were not eating the MIND diet also improved to a similar degree.”? Use it in a sentence.
  2. What does “a battery of something” mean in this context, “A battery of cognitive testing was done when the study started and repeated at set intervals, while regular blood tests measured biomarkers, such as beta carotene, which indicated how well each person was following the MIND diet.”? Use it in a sentence.
  3. Define “biomarker“. “A battery of cognitive testing was done when the study started and repeated at set intervals, while regular blood tests measured biomarkers, such as beta carotene, which indicated how well each person was following the MIND diet.” Use it in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What specific findings were highlighted in the recent study regarding the Mediterranean diet’s impact on longevity?
  2. How did researchers measure brain health in participants of the study?
  3. What are some potential benefits of the Mediterranean diet for the brain, according to the study?
  4. What advice might be given to people interested in trying the Mediterranean diet based on these findings?

Environmental E-waste Catastrophe

B1 –  Intermediate 

The technological revolution also means people need more devices that are needed in using technology. More and more gadgets like computers, laptops, mobile phones, and tablets are manufactured and then, thrown away. Therefore, producing tons of electronic wastes or e-wastes.

The amount of e-waste we produce has become bigger and bigger. The United Nations (UN) warns about its impact on the environment.

Read the article about electronic wastes and the catastrophe we might face if we don’t try to reduce them.

Be ready to answer the questions that follow.

https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2403/240325-electronic-waste-catastrophe-4.html

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “e-waste” mean? “The UN reported that in 2022, we created 62 million tons of e-waste.” Use this word in a sentence.
  2. What does the phrase “at a record level” mean? “The UN issued a warning about the amount of electronics we are throwing away. It is at record levels.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘at a record level’ in your own sentence.
  3. Define “food chain”. “Worryingly, 58 tons of mercury entered the environment and food chain last year.” Use this phrase in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What effects does e-waste have on the environment?
  2. What is your reaction to this news about our huge amount of e-waste?
  3. Should electronic devices manufacturers be responsible for the disposal of their products? Explain your opinion.
  4. How can we reduce our e-waste? How do you reduce your e-waste?
  5. Share your opinion on this, “A lot of e-waste is sent to poor countries for recycling.”.

Rising Auto Insurance Premiums Fueling Inflation

B1 –  Intermediate 

The increase in car insurance costs are making the impact of inflation even worse for many people.

Read the article about how the increasing car insurance premiums fuels inflation. Be ready to answer the questions that follow.

https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2404/240415-auto-insurance-4.html

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “wreck” mean, “If you [wreck] your car, the replacement cost is really high.“? Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘wreck’ in your own sentence.
  2. What does “burden” mean, “Insurance is a huge burden for people struggling to survive in the cost of living crisis.” Give two (2) synonyms or similar expressions and use ‘burden’ in your own sentence.
  3. What does ”fender bender” mean, “Even a simple fender bender could damage sensors and cameras.”? Use this expression in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What is your reaction to this news?
  2. Is the same thing happening in your country? Talk about the situation.
  3. Explain why the biggest factor for costlier insurance was the number of new cars.
  4. Share your thoughts on this, “Rising prices are affecting the lowest paid most.”.
  5. Do you agree with this statement, “Insurance is a huge burden for people struggling to survive in the cost of living crisis.”? Explain your point.

Milan to Ban Takeaway Food after Midnight

B1 – Intermediate

Some areas in cities are known for their wild nightlife. This means noisy people on the streets even in the late hours of the night.

In Milan, Italy, the local government wants to impose a ban on takeaway food after midnight to help the local residents get some peace and quiet beyond 12:00.

Read the article about Milan’s plans to prohibit takeaway food after midnight. Be ready to answer the questions that follow.

https://breakingnewsenglish.com/2404/240425-takeaway-food-ban-2.html

Vocabulary Questions:

1. What does “at the stroke of” mean, “He said a 25-year-old will not go home "at the stroke of midnight" because they cannot get a takeaway.” Use this phrase in a sentence.
2. What does “takeaway” mean, “Officials want to ban takeaway food and drink in 12 areas of the city.”? Use this term in a sentence.
3. What does ”to take a stroll” mean, ”A rule banning people from…eating an ice cream or pizza while taking a stroll won't solve a thing, as people will still stay outside.”? Use this expression in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

1. What is your opinion on this ban on takeaways after midnight in some areas in Milan?
2. Share your thoughts on this, “The goal [of this ban] is a balance between entertainment, and the peace and tranquility of residents.”.
3. In your opinion, how can there be a balance between “entertainment of partygoers and tourists and the peace and tranquility of residents” in areas that are known for their wild nightlife?
4. How do you think it is like living in a place/area like this?

Crackdown on Sick Note Culture

B2 – Upper Intermediate 

In the UK, the number of people filing for disability claims has been continuing to increase in the last decade. 

Prime minister Rishi Sunak hope to put an end to the ‘sick note culture’, which refers to “over-medicalising the everyday challenges and worries of life” and the rise of recipients of sickness and disability benefits.

Read the article and find out Prime minister Rishi Sunak’s crackdown on the “sick note culture” in the UK. Be ready to answer the questions that follow.

https://theconversation.com/rishi-sunak-wants-to-cut-the-cost-of-sicknote-britain-but-weve-found-a-strong-economic-case-for-benefits-228561

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “sick note culture” mean, “Prime minister Rishi Sunak has announced a crackdown on sickness and disability benefits in order to end a “sick note culture” and “over-medicalising the everyday challenges and worries of life”, in part because he claims that “good work” can actually improve mental and physical health.”? Use this term in your own sentence.
  2. What does “means-tested” mean, “There is a tendency in announcements, too, to conflate means-tested incapacity benefits with non-means-tested disability benefits, such as the personal independence payment.”? Use this term in a sentence.
  3. What does ”cradle-to-grave” mean, ”Just as the social economist Lord Beveridge proposed in his 1942 report, we need cradle-to-grave social security that supports that ambition, rather than forced participation in harmful insecure employment.”? Use this expression in a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What factors might have contributed to the rising number of people who claims for sickness and disability benefits? 
  2. Do you think the same thing could be occurring in your own country? Expand.
  3. What are your thoughts on sick note culture?
  4. What is your opinion on the crackdown on it?
  5. What is good system to identify those people who really need the sickness and disability benefits?
  6. Share your thoughts on this, “Prime minister Rishi Sunak wants to focus on “what people can do with the right support in place, rather than what they can’t do.”?
  7. Share your thoughts on this, “Most people who get social security don’t really deserve any help.”.

AI Brain Study Brings Hope to Childhood Trauma Survivors

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Traumatic childhood events can linger in our minds even through adulthood. These traumatic events such as physical and mental abuse, a serious unfortunate accident or a natural disaster may scar children for the rest of their lives. Recently, AI was used to reassess the effects of childhood trauma on the human brain.

Let’s read the article and find out more about this AI brain study.

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-essex-68424853

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the idiom “to win/hit the jackpot” mean? “Valerie always wondered why she reacted to situations differently to other people, and said this research was “like winning the jackpot.” Give example sentence using this expression.
  2. What does “to mean something to someone” mean in this context? “Kari, who was sexually abused as a child, said she had “no words to describe what [the research] means to me“.” Use it in a sentence.
  3. Define “brain rewiring“. “It brings hope because the right treatments can help to reverse that brain rewiring.” Use it in your own sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. According to the study, how does childhood trauma change the brain?
  2. What are the long-term effects and physical symptoms associated with childhood trauma?
  3. What coping mechanisms are used to manage the aftermath of childhood trauma?
  4. How does this study help people who are dealing with childhood trauma?

AI Helps Make Wine

B2 – Upper Intermediate

In California and Oregon’s vineyards, AI is leading a quiet revolution in winemaking. It is reshaping the process of growing, harvesting, and transforming grapes into exquisite wines.

AI technologies enable remote monitoring of vineyard conditions and fine-tuning flavor profiles in the cellar. This unlocks new possibilities for winemakers, enhancing quality, consistency, and consumer appeal.

Read this article to learn more about how AI is revolutionizing the traditional practices of viticulture and winemaking.

https://www.bbc.com/news/business-68788080

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does “boots on the ground” mean in this context? “We’re always boots on the ground. But the data helps us make informed decisions based on science, as opposed to just feelings. Feelings aren’t bad, but we like to use data.” Make a sentence with this expression.
  2. Define “chemical makeup”. “The software does this by analyzing a wine’s chemical makeup, and quickly comparing it to a database of the taste preferences of 248 million US wine drinkers.” Use this in a sentence.
  3. What is the meaning of “anathema”? “For wine traditionalists, the use of AI in winemaking, be it in the vineyard or the winery, is an anathema.” Make a sentence.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What is your opinion on the use of AI to make wine?
  2. According to the article, what are the pros and cons of using AI in winery?
  3. How do you think advancements in technology, such as AI, are impacting traditional industries like viticulture and winemaking?
  4. Share your thoughts on this, “Feelings aren’t bad, but we like to use data.”
  5. Do you think AI technology will become increasingly prevalent in the wine industry, or do you believe traditional methods will continue to dominate?

Boycotts Amidst Israel’s War on Gaza Are Hurting Brands

B2 – Upper Intermediate

The ongoing Gaza conflict has prompted a wave of consumer activism, with many choosing to boycott US brands as well as brands that support Israel as a sign of protest.

This phenomenon reflects growing concerns and solidarity with the situation. However, it also raises questions regarding its effectiveness. Some individuals are skeptical whether this action hurts the boycotted brands.

Read this article to learn about the effects of consumers’ boycotts on brands who are perceived to support Israel’s war on Gaza.

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/6/israels-war-on-gaza-are-boycotts-hurting-us-brands

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What does the phrase “to draw the ire” mean? “Fast food giant McDonald’s drew the ire of Israel’s critics, especially in the Middle East, when its Israel branch gave thousands of free meals to Israeli troops in October, the month the country launched its bombardment and ground offensive in Gaza, which have now killed more than 27,000 people.” Give a similar expression and make a sentence with “to draw the ire”.
  2. What does “fraught negotiation” mean? “Both sides are engaged in ongoing, fraught negotiations on labour issues with the union demanding better pay and more consistent scheduling for workers.” Use this phrase in a sentence.
  3. What is the meaning of “to be caught in the crossfire“? “The fizzy drinks manufacturer has long been caught in the crossfire of conflict in the Middle East.” Make a sentence with this idiom.

Discussion Questions:

  1. What are your thoughts on individuals boycotting brands that support Israel?
  2. How might the effectiveness of the boycott be measured, and what challenges might arise in assessing it?
  3. Are there alternative methods of protest or activism that individuals could pursue instead of boycotting brands?
  4. Have you personally considered participating in the boycott of US brands or brands supporting Israel in response to the Gaza conflict?
  5. How can individuals best support humanitarian causes like those affected by the Gaza conflict, beyond consumer activism?

Habits of People Who Know How to Bring Out the Best in Others 

B2 – Upper Intermediate

Bringing out the best in others is a multifaceted endeavor that goes beyond mere recognition of their strengths. It involves actively engaging with individuals, delving into their unique experiences, aspirations, and hurdles. This process commences with active listening, where we tune in not just to the words spoken but also to the underlying emotions and motivations. Through empathy and understanding, we can better grasp their needs and desires, fostering a deeper connection and trust.

Moreover, patience plays a pivotal role in this journey. Recognizing that growth takes time and progress may come in incremental steps, we offer unwavering support and encouragement. By setting the bar high yet anchoring it in reality, we inspire individuals to reach for their full potential while providing the requisite guidance and resources to navigate hurdles along the way.

Mentorship emerges as a cornerstone of this approach. By sharing insights, experiences, and lessons learned, mentors steer others on their path to success, imparting both practical advice and emotional bolstering. Celebrating achievements, no matter how modest reinforces progress and instills a sense of pride and accomplishment.

However, the journey to bring out the best in others transcends individual interactions. It entails fostering a culture of collaboration and mutual respect where everyone’s contributions are valued. Recognition for endeavors and achievements, whether through formal accolades or heartfelt words of appreciation, fosters a sense of belonging and motivates individuals to continue striving for excellence.

Continuous learning is another integral component of this process. By encouraging curiosity and providing avenues for personal and professional development, we empower individuals to expand their skills and knowledge, fueling both personal growth and organizational triumph.

Ultimately, by investing in the potential of others and nurturing a supportive community, we cultivate an environment where everyone can thrive. Through collective effort and shared goals, we not only bring out the best in individuals but also harness the power of collaboration to achieve collective success. In this way, each person’s unique talents and contributions meld to create a tapestry of excellence, enriching both the individual and the broader community.

Read the full article to know the habits of leaders who know how to bring out the best in others.

https://www.fastcompany.com/3054826/six-habits-of-people-who-know-how-to-bring-out-the-best-in-others

Vocabulary Questions:

  1. What is a “multiplier”? “Multipliers take the time to understand the capabilities of each individual so that they can connect employees with the right people and the right opportunities—thereby building a virtuous cycle of attraction, growth, and opportunity.“? Use this term in a sentence.
  2. What does it mean to “stretch goals”? “Stretch goals that push people can have a big impact on how people feel about themselves, their work, and what they can accomplish.”? Use the phrase in a sentence. 
  3. What does the word “roadblock” mean in the sentence, “
    As team members earn small wins, their confidence grows and seemingly insurmountable problems appear less daunting, adds Wiseman; roadblocks become interesting puzzles for the team to solve.    “? Look for 1-2 synonyms and use ‘roadblock’ in a sentence. 

Discussion Questions:

  1. In what ways can patience be considered a pivotal element in the journey of helping others reach their full potential?
  2. How does the concept of collective effort and shared goals contribute to achieving success, as described in the passage?
  3. Can you identify any personal experiences that resonate with the themes discussed in the passage?
  4. Have you ever experienced someone bringing out the best in you? What did they do that made a difference?
  5. Can you share a time when you had to exercise patience while supporting someone’s growth or development?